2026年2月24日 下午4:15 UTC / 路透社记者 大卫·谢泼德森
华盛顿，2月24日（路透社） – 尽管议员和2001年以来美国最严重航空灾难遇难者家属发出呼吁，美国众议院周二未能通过关键航空立法。
众议院以264票对133票通过了《旋翼机运营安全法案》（ROTOR Act）——该法案由美国参议院12月全票通过，要求飞机运营商在2031年底前为机队配备名为”自动相关监视广播”（ADS-B）的安全系统。根据快速通道规则，法案需获得三分之二多数票才能通过，但最终差1票未达门槛。
安全系统本可避免空难：国家运输安全委员会
国家运输安全委员会（NTSB）主席詹妮弗·霍门迪表示，ADS-B本可阻止2025年的撞机事故，并指出该机构已呼吁强制使用ADS-B长达20余年。
NTSB称，ADS-B系统可在碰撞前59秒向客机飞行员发出警报，在48秒前向直升机机组发出警报。
“还需要多少人死亡，我们才会决定采取行动？”她在周二对记者提问时表示。
2025年1月的灾难中，一架美国航空支线喷气式飞机与陆军”黑鹰”直升机在华盛顿上空繁忙空域相撞，造成67人死亡。此后，《旋翼机运营安全法案》出台。该法案要求军方在常规训练飞行中使用ADS-B，但在敏感军事任务中除外。
五角大楼12月曾表示支持该法案，该法案由参议院商务委员会主席特德·克鲁兹和该委员会资深民主党议员玛丽亚·坎特韦尔共同发起。但周一发布的声明中，五角大楼称该法案可能造成”重大未解决预算负担及影响国防活动的操作安全风险”。
众议院交通委员会主席山姆·格雷夫斯周二表示，委员会最早将于下周审议另一项航空安全法案作为替代方案。
奥黛丽·帕特尔的丈夫在此次撞机事故中遇难，当时她正怀孕。她在国会山新闻发布会上敦促通过该法案时指出：”我们知道事故原因和预防方法。”
共和党众议员、众议院武装部队委员会主席迈克·罗杰斯批评《旋翼机运营安全法案》会损害国家安全，但补充称应在繁忙民用空域为部分军用飞机配备并传输ADS-B信号，并表示上周已提出另一项替代安全法案。
坎特韦尔澄清称，该法案不会强制B-52或F-35等军机配备ADS-B系统，但会确保在繁忙空域使用该系统以保障安全。
《旋翼机运营安全法案》还将加强对商用喷气式飞机和直升机交通及机场附近飞行路线的监管。
路透社记者大卫·谢泼德森报道
编辑罗德·尼科尔和尼克·齐明斯基
（注：原文中”节点运行失败”为错误标注，已根据新闻内容修正为标题正文）
US House narrowly fails to pass aviation safety bill
February 24, 2026 4:15 PM UTC / By David Shepardson / Reuters
WASHINGTON, Feb 24 (Reuters) – The U.S. House of Representatives on Tuesday failed to pass key aviation legislation despite pleas from lawmakers and relatives of those killed in the worst U.S. aviation disaster since 2001.
The House voted 264-133 in favor of the ROTOR Act, passed unanimously by the U.S. Senate in December, that would require aircraft operators to equip their fleets with a safety system known as the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast system, or ADS-B, by the end of 2031. Under the fast-track rules, the bill needed a two-thirds majority to pass — and it fell one vote short.
节点运行失败
A plane takes off from Chicago O’Hare International Airport, in Chicago, Illinois, U.S., October 26, 2025. REUTERS/Daniel Cole
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ROTOR would require the military to use ADS-B on routine training flights but not on sensitive military missions. The legislation follows the January 2025 disaster, when an American Airlines regional jet and an Army Black Hawk helicopter collided in the crowded airspace over the nation’s capital, killing 67 people.
SAFETY SYSTEM WOULD HAVE PREVENTED CRASH: NTSB
National Transportation Safety Board Chair Jennifer Homendy said ADS-B would have prevented the 2025 collision and noted the agency has called for it to be mandated for more than 20 years.
NTSB said ADS-B could have alerted the passenger plane pilot 59 seconds before the collision and the helicopter crew 48 seconds before.
“How many more people need to die for us to decide that action needs to be taken?” she told reporters on Tuesday.
In December, the Pentagon said it supported the legislation, sponsored by Senate Commerce Committee Chair Ted Cruz and the panel’s top Democrat, Maria Cantwell. But in a statement released on Monday, the Pentagon said the bill could create “significant unresolved budgetary burdens and operational security risks affecting national defense activities.”
House Transportation Committee chair Sam Graves said Tuesday the panel will take up a rival aviation safety bill as soon as next week.
Audrey Patel, whose husband died in the crash, was pregnant at the time and noted other recent near-collisions. “We know why this happened and how to prevent it,” Patel said at a Capitol Hill press conference urging the legislation’s passage.
House Armed Services Committee Chair Mike Rogers, a Republican, criticized the ROTOR Act, saying it would undermine national security. But he added some military aircraft should be equipped with and transmit ADS-B in congested civilian airspace and noted a rival safety bill was introduced last week.
Cantwell said it was incorrect that the bill would mandate ADS-B on B-52 or F-35 aircraft, but would ensure use in congested airspace to ensure safety.
The ROTOR Act also boosts oversight of commercial jet and helicopter traffic and flight routes near commercial airports.
Reporting by David Shepardson Editing by Rod Nickel and Nick Zieminski
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