2026年2月23日 美国东部时间晚上9:50 / 路透社
作者：大卫·劳德（David Lawder）
华盛顿，2月23日（路透社）- 周一，22名美国参议院民主党议员提出一项法案，要求唐纳德·特朗普总统政府在180天内，全额退还并计收利息所有被美国最高法院裁定为非法的关税收入。
该法案将要求美国海关与边境保护局（Customs and Border Protection）优先考虑小企业，该局负责在美国入境口岸征收关税。
节点运行失败
最高法院周五裁定特朗普依据《国际紧急经济权力法》（IEEPA）实施的广泛关税违宪时，并未就任何退款问题给出指示，而是将案件发回下级贸易法院以确定下一步行动。
民主党人的法案要求美国海关与边境保护局退还特朗普依据《国际紧急经济权力法》非法征收的所有关税及利息，即使进口关税已由美国海关与边境保护局最终确定或”清算”。
共同赞助该法案的22名民主党议员包括参议院少数党领袖查克·舒默（Chuck Schumer），以及来自俄勒冈州的罗恩·怀登（Ron Wyden）、马萨诸塞州的爱德华·马基（Edward Markey）和新罕布什尔州的珍妮·沙欣（Jeanne Shaheen），他们分别是参议院财政、小企业和外交关系委员会的最高民主党成员。
怀登在一份声明中表示：”参议院民主党将继续努力约束唐纳德·特朗普提高价格的贸易和经济政策。至关重要的第一步是通过尽快将资金返还给小企业和制造商最需要帮助的人。”
南达科他州共和党参议院多数党领袖约翰·图恩（John Thune）的发言人拒绝置评该法案是否会被审议。
但鉴于该法案刚刚提出，需要经过委员会审查，关于是否审议的决定可能还需时日。
众议院议长迈克·约翰逊（Mike Johnson）告诉记者，共和党控制的众议院将回避关于退还关税收入的问题。
路易斯安那州共和党人约翰逊表示：”白宫会解决这个问题，我们必须给他们时间和空间。当然，这是前所未有的事件，所以没有既定的应对方案。我认为他们（白宫）有充分的理由，我们将拭目以待。目前这一点实际上不涉及众议院。”
白宫尚未立即回应就该法案置评的请求。
美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特（Scott Bessent）周日表示，政府将遵循下级法院关于退款的裁定。”我们将遵循他们的决定，但可能需要数周或数月才能收到他们的意见，”贝森特在CNN上表示。
美国东部时间周二凌晨12:01（格林尼治标准时间0501），美国海关与边境保护局将停止征收《国际紧急经济权力法》关税。
路透社周五报道，根据宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院预算模型经济学家的估算，最高法院的裁决使超过1750亿美元的《国际紧急经济权力法》关税收入可能面临退款。
他们基于从零开始的预测模型估算显示，《国际紧急经济权力法》项下的关税每天产生超过5亿美元的毛收入。
报道：大卫·劳德；额外报道：大卫·摩根（华盛顿）；编辑：乔纳森·奥蒂斯
我们的标准：路透社信托原则。
US Senate Democrats introduce bill to force refunds of Trump tariffs deemed illegal
February 23, 2026 9:50 PM UTC / Reuters
By David Lawder
WASHINGTON, Feb 23 (Reuters) – A group of 22 U.S. Senate Democrats on Monday introduced legislation that would require President Donald Trump’s administration to fully refund within 180 days all of the revenue, with interest, collected from tariffs struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court.
The legislation would require the Customs and Border Protection agency, which collects tariffs at U.S. ports of entry, to prioritize small businesses.
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The Supreme Court did not give instructions regarding any refunds on Friday when it struck down Trump’s broad tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), instead remanding the case to a lower trade court to determine next steps.
The Democrats’ legislation would require CBP to refund all IEEPA-based tariffs unlawfully imposed by Trump, plus interest, even if the import duties were finalized, or “liquidated” by CBP.
The 22 Democrats who co-sponsored the bill included Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer and Senators Ron Wyden of Oregon, Edward Markey of Massachusetts and Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, the top Democrats on the Senate’s Finance, Small Business and Foreign Relations committees, respectively.
“Senate Democrats will continue fighting to rein in Donald Trump’s price-hiking trade and economic policies,” Wyden said in a statement. “A crucial first step is helping people who need it most, by putting money back into the pockets of small businesses and manufacturers as soon as possible.”
A spokesperson for Republican Senate Majority Leader John Thune of South Dakota declined to comment on whether the Democrats’ bill would be considered.
But given that the bill was just introduced and needs to go through committee review, a decision on consideration would likely be some ways off.
House of Representatives Speaker Mike Johnson told reporters that the Republican-controlled House would steer clear of the question about returning tariff revenue.
“The White House is going to sort that out, and we have to give them the time and space to do it. This is an unprecedented event, of course, so there’s no playbook to follow,” Johnson, a Louisiana Republican, said. “I think they’ve (the White House) got good arguments on their side, and we’ll see how it shakes out. That’s not something that really involves the House at this point.”
The White House did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the legislation.
U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said on Sunday that the administration would follow the determination of lower courts on refunds. “We will follow what they decide, but it can take weeks or months until we hear from them,” Bessent said on CNN.
CBP is due to halt collections of the IEEPA tariffs at 12:01 a.m. EST (0501 GMT) on Tuesday.
Reuters reported on Friday that the Supreme Court decision made more than $175 billion IEEPA tariff collections subject to potential refunds, based on an estimate by Penn-Wharton Budget Model economists.
Their estimate from a ground-up forecasting model showed that IEEPA-based tariffs were generating more than $500 million per day in gross revenue.
Reporting by David Lawder; additional reporting by David Morgan in Washington; editing by Jonathan Oatis
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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