2026年2月19日 下午4:09 UTC / 路透社
华盛顿，2月19日（路透社） – 明尼阿波利斯联邦储备银行行长尼尔·卡什卡利周四表示，特朗普政府一名高级官员呼吁纽约联邦储备银行工作人员因近期关于关税的研究而”自律”，这只是该政府破坏央行独立性的最新举动。
在周三接受CNBC采访时，政府高级经济顾问凯文·哈塞特称纽约联邦储备银行近期的研究”质量低劣”，该研究得出结论称，特朗普政府进口关税成本的约90%由美国承担。这一分析与其他经济学家和机构的估计一致，其作者包括纽约联邦储备银行研究部门的一位顶级经济学家和一位哥伦比亚大学教授，两人曾就国际价格和关税影响进行过多项研究合作。
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“这只是试图损害美联储独立性的又一步骤。过去一年我们已经看到了多次此类尝试，”卡什卡利在北达科他州的一次经济活动中表示，其中包括司法部向美联储发出大陪审团传票，以及对美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔展开相关刑事调查。唐纳德·特朗普总统还试图解雇美联储理事丽莎·库克，这一问题正在美国最高法院待审。
卡什卡利称，”这实际上是关于货币政策的。我们正尽最大努力根据数据和分析对经济做出最佳评估”，而此时特朗普要求将利率大幅削减至1%。美联储当前的政策利率设定在3.5%至3.75%之间，由于通胀率比美联储2%的目标高出约一个百分点，目前不太可能进一步降息。
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“政治家们，无论保守派还是自由派，都更希望货币政策能满足他们当下的政治需求，”卡什卡利表示，特朗普已引用希望政府能更廉价地举债以及降低房屋抵押贷款利率作为要求美联储降息的理由。
然而，政府针对美联储的举措已引发一些政治反弹，并使特朗普提名的凯文·沃什（Kevin Warsh）的美联储主席确认程序复杂化。特朗普计划在5月鲍威尔任期结束时让沃什接替他。一些共和党参议员要求在允许沃什提名继续之前，必须终止对鲍威尔的刑事调查。
卡什卡利表示，12家地区联邦储备银行的研究部门的作用是美联储运作的核心。
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“所有12家储备银行都有独立的研究部门，它们一直在研究经济，”卡什卡利说，”这正是我们不断进步和学习的方式。”
报道：霍华德·施奈德；编辑：Chizu Nomiyama和Franklin Paul
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Fed’s Kashkari: Hassett comments about Fed researchers represent another attack on independence
February 19, 2026 4:09 PM UTC / Reuters
WASHINGTON, Feb 19 (Reuters) – The call by a top Trump administration official for New York Federal Reserve staff to “be disciplined” for recent research on tariffs was just the latest move by the administration to undermine the independence of the central bank, Minneapolis Fed president Neel Kashkari said on Thursday.
In a Wednesday CNBC interview, top administration economic adviser Kevin Hassett called recent New York Fed research “shoddy” in its conclusion that roughly 90% of the cost of the administration’s import tariffs were being paid by the U.S. The analysis, consistent with estimates by other economists and organizations, included among its authors a top economist in the New York Fed’s research division and a Columbia University professor who have collaborated together on several pieces of research on international prices and tariff impacts.
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“This is just another step to try to compromise the Fed’s independence. Over the past year we’ve seen multiple attempts,” Kashkari said at an economic event in North Dakota, including the Department of Justice’s issuance of a grand jury subpoena of the Fed and the opening of a related criminal investigation of Fed chair Jerome Powell. President Donald Trump is also trying to fire Fed governor Lisa Cook, an issue pending before the U.S. Supreme Court.
The dispute “is really about monetary policy. We are doing our very best to make the best assessment of the economy based on data and analysis,” Kashkari said, at a moment when Trump has demanded that interest rates be slashed as low as 1%. The Fed’s current policy rate of interest is set in a range from 3.5% to 3.75%, and further cuts are unlikely for now given inflation is roughly a percentage point above the Fed’s 2% target.
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“Politicians, conservative and liberal, would rather have monetary policy that serves their political needs in the moment,” Kashkari said, with Trump having cited both a desire for the government to borrow money more cheaply and to lower home mortgage interest rates among his reasons for wanting the Fed to cut.
The administration’s moves against the Fed, however, have led to some political blowback and complicated the confirmation as Fed chair of Kevin Warsh, who Trump has nominated to replace current Chair Jerome Powell when his term leading the central bank ends in May. Some Republican senators have demanded the criminal probe of Powell be dropped before they will allow Warsh’s nomination to proceed.
Kashkari said the role of the research departments at the 12 regional Fed banks was central to how the institution operates.
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“All 12 reserve banks have independent research departments that are always studying the economy,” Kashkari said. “That is how we’re trying to get better and learn.”
Reporting by Howard Schneider; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama and Franklin Paul
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