2026年2月17日 / 美国东部时间凌晨5:54 / CBS新闻
家庭方面称，著名民权领袖杰西·杰克逊牧师（Rev. Jesse Jackson）已去世，他曾与马丁·路德·金（Martin Luther King Jr.）并肩游行，后来还竞选过总统。他享年84岁。
他们在一份声明中表示，杰克逊于周二上午在家人的陪伴下安详离世。
杰克逊去年11月因观察性住院，医生称他被诊断出患有进行性核上性麻痹（progressive supranuclear palsy）这种退行性疾病。2017年，他透露自己被诊断出帕金森病，这种疾病会影响神经系统，导致行动和日常活动逐渐受限。杰克逊称这是“身体上的挑战”，但他拒绝让其阻止自己继续从事民权倡导工作。他的父亲诺亚·刘易斯·罗宾逊（Noah Lewis Robinson Sr.）也曾患有帕金森病，并于1997年（88岁时）因该病去世。
杰克逊长期以其积极行动主义和政治影响力闻名，一生致力于为美国及全球被剥夺权利的群体争取民权。
他的家人表示：“他对正义、平等和人权的坚定不移的承诺，帮助塑造了一场争取自由与尊严的全球运动。作为一位不知疲倦的变革推动者，他为弱者发声……在历史上留下了不可磨灭的印记。”
“我们的父亲不仅是我们家庭的公仆型领袖，也是全球受压迫者、弱者和被忽视者的公仆型领袖，”家人说道，“我们将他奉献给了世界，作为回报，世界也成为了我们大家庭的一部分。他对正义、平等和爱的坚定信念鼓舞了数百万人，我们恳请大家通过继续为他毕生践行的价值观而奋斗，来纪念他的逝去。”
年轻时，杰克逊成为了金的核心圈子成员，并在1968年马丁·路德·金于田纳西州孟菲斯遇刺时陪伴在其身边。
同年，杰克逊由克莱·埃文斯牧师（Rev. Clay Evans）按立为牧师，尽管他为了与金一起参与民权运动，从芝加哥神学院辍学，当时只差三个学分就能获得学位。2000年，神学院基于他一生的工作和经验，授予他神学硕士学位。
据他领导数十年的芝加哥组织“彩虹推动联盟”（Rainbow PUSH Coalition）称，多年来，他已获得全美顶尖大学颁发的40多个荣誉博士学位。
杰克逊1941年10月8日出生于南卡罗来纳州格林维尔。他的母亲海伦·伯恩斯·斯特拉格斯（Helen Burns Struggs）当时16岁且未婚，给他取名杰西·伯恩斯（Jesse Burns）。十几岁时，母亲嫁给了查尔斯·杰克逊（Charles Jackson），他便随继父姓。
斯坦福大学金研究所称，高中时杰克逊是优等生，这帮助他获得了伊利诺伊大学的橄榄球奖学金。他在该校就读后转学至北卡罗来纳农工学院，并于1964年毕业。
随着民权运动的发展，杰克逊开始参与地方活动。1960年，当地一家公共图书馆的种族融合运动推动他走上了学生主导静坐抗议的领导道路。毕业后，他离开芝加哥神学院的学业，前往塞尔玛（Selma）加入金的行列。据彩虹推动联盟称，在那里，他请求加入南方基督教领袖会议（Southern Christian Leadership Conference），该组织是由金领导的宗教领袖团体，专注于非暴力抗议和示威活动。
“我们召开这次会议，因为在上帝面前，我们别无选择，只能更深入地投入斗争——并且要更依赖非暴力，更团结、协调、分享和以基督教为理解基础，”金在1957年谈到南方基督教领袖会议时写道。
在金的支持和信任下，杰克逊帮助领导了南方基督教领袖会议的芝加哥分会，并牵头了“面包篮行动”（Operation Breadbasket）这一社区赋权运动。斯坦福大学金研究所称，他的年龄和野心导致了与领导层的多次冲突，包括与金本人的多次争执。1968年，在孟菲斯举行的又一次民权抗议活动中，金和杰克逊和解。
在那个关键时刻的一张著名照片中，杰克逊站在金和其他领袖霍西·威廉姆斯（Hosea Williams）以及拉尔夫·阿伯内西（Ralph Abernathy）的右侧，位于孟菲斯洛兰酒店的阳台上。第二天，几乎在同一地点，金被一名枪手暗杀。
金去世后，杰克逊无法与南方基督教领袖会议和解。相反，他创立了PUSH（People United to Save Humanity，意为“拯救人类的联合人民”），这是一个芝加哥组织。1984年，他还创立了彩虹联盟（The Rainbow Coalition），该联盟通过选民参与和代表权推动社会正义。这两个组织于1996年合并。
这种曾令南方基督教领袖会议领导人不满的野心，也促使杰克逊在1984年和1988年争取民主党总统候选人提名。
1984年，杰克逊在初选中获得18%的选票，位列第三，并赢得多个州。但他的竞选活动因他在《华盛顿邮报》的一篇报道中对纽约犹太社区发表的反犹言论而备受争议。前副总统沃尔特·蒙代尔最终获得提名，并在大选中输给了共和党现任总统 Ronald Reagan。
即便没有担任公职，杰克逊仍继续作为一位重要政治人物，在海湾战争前夕促成被关押在科威特的外国公民获释，成为华盛顿特区争取州地位的“影子参议员”，并在比尔·克林顿总统任内担任特使。
2000年，克林顿授予他总统自由勋章（Presidential Medal of Freedom），这是美国最高的平民荣誉。
2008年选举夜，当奥巴马被预测赢得总统选举时，杰克逊眼中含泪的画面被记录下来。他告诉CBS新闻，美国选出首位黑人总统的时刻让他回想起民权运动的艰难岁月。
“为了走到这一步，我们经历了一些血腥的恐怖历程，”杰克逊说，“一些好人——我想到了1964年在密西西比州被杀害的两名犹太人和黑人青年。梅加·埃弗斯（Medgar Evers）、39岁的金博士。我们为走到这一步付出了代价。”
杰克逊与妻子杰奎琳（Jacqueline）育有五个子女，他还幸存着另一个女儿，以及无数受他领导启发的人。
据其家人称，芝加哥将举行公共悼念活动。包括所有公开活动在内的生命庆典服务的最终安排，将由彩虹推动联盟公布。
Jesse Jackson, civil rights leader who ran for president, dies at age 84
February 17, 2026 / 5:54 AM EST / CBS News
The Rev. Jesse Jackson, the famed civil rights leader who marched alongside Martin Luther King Jr. and later ran for president, has died, his family says. He was 84.
He died peacefully on Tuesday morning, surrounded by his family, they said in a statement.
Jackson was hospitalized for observation in November, and doctors said he’d been diagnosed with a degenerative condition called progressive supranuclear palsy. He revealed in 2017 that he had been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, which affects the nervous system and slowly restricts movement and daily activities. Jackson called it a “physical challenge,” but he refused to let it prevent him from continuing his civil rights advocacy. His father, Noah Lewis Robinson Sr., also had Parkinson’s and died of the disease in 1997 at the age of 88.
Long known for his activism and political influence, Jackson spent his life dedicated to pursuing civil rights for disenfranchised groups both in the United States and abroad.
Jackson’s “unwavering commitment to justice, equality, and human rights helped shape a global movement for freedom and dignity. A tireless change agent, he elevated the voices of the voiceless … leaving an indelible mark on history,” his family said.
“Our father was a servant leader — not only to our family, but to the oppressed, the voiceless, and the overlooked around the world,” the family said. “We shared him with the world, and in return, the world became part of our extended family. His unwavering belief in justice, equality, and love uplifted millions, and we ask you to honor his memory by continuing the fight for the values he lived by.”
As a young man, he became a member of King’s circle and was with King when he was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1968.
That same year, Jackson was ordained by the Rev. Clay Evans, though he had dropped out of Chicago Theological Seminary three credits shy of a degree in order to work in the civil rights movement with King. He was later awarded a Master of Divinity degree in 2000 from the seminary, based on his life’s work and experience.
Over the years, he received over 40 honorary doctorate degrees from top universities across the country, according to the Rainbow PUSH Coalition, the Chicago-based organization he led for decades.
Jackson was born in Greenville, South Carolina, on Oct. 8, 1941. His mother, Helen Burns Struggs, was 16 and unmarried and gave him the name Jesse Burns. In his teenage years, his mother married Charles Jackson, and Jackson took his new stepfather’s surname.
In high school, Jackson was an honors student, according to Stanford’s King Institute, which helped him win a football scholarship to the University of Illinois. He studied there before transferring to the Agricultural and Technical College of North Carolina, where he graduated in 1964.
As the civil rights movement grew, Jackson became involved in local activism. In 1960, a push to desegregate a local public library led Jackson down the road to become a leader in student-led sit-ins. After his graduation, he left his studies at the Chicago Theological Seminary to join King in Selma. There, he asked for a position with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, a group of religious leaders led by King that focused on nonviolent protests and demonstrations, according to the Rainbow PUSH Coalition.
“This conference is called because we have no moral choice, before God, but to delve deeper into the struggle — and to do so with greater reliance on non-violence and with greater unity, coordination, sharing and Christian understanding,” King wrote about SCLC in 1957.
Jackson, with the support and trust of King, helped lead SCLC’s Chicago chapter and spearheaded Operation Breadbasket, a community empowerment campaign. His age and ambition led to numerous fights with leadership, including several arguments with King himself, according to Stanford’s King Institute. King and Jackson reconciled in 1968 in Memphis as they gathered for another civil rights protest.
In a now-famous photograph from that fateful time, Jackson stands to the right of King and fellow leaders Hosea Williams and Ralph Abernathy on the balcony of Memphis’ Lorraine Motel. The next day, at almost the exact same spot, King was assassinated by a gunman.
Following King’s death, Jackson was unable to reconcile with the SCLC. Instead, he founded PUSH, a Chicago organization whose name stands for People United to Save Humanity. In 1984, he also founded The Rainbow Coalition, which focused on social justice through voter engagement and representation. The two organizations merged in 1996.
The same ambition that chafed SCLC leaders also led Jackson to make a run for the Democratic Party’s nomination for president in 1984 and 1988.
Jackson received 18% of the primary vote in 1984, placing third overall and winning several states. But his campaign was marred by controversy over an antisemitic remark he made about New York’s Jewish community in a Washington Post story. Former Vice President Walter Mondale ultimately went on to win the nomination and lose to Republican incumbent President Ronald Reagan.
Yet even without holding office, Jackson continued to stand as a major political figure, championing the release of foreign nationals held in Kuwait in the lead-up to the Gulf War, becoming a “shadow senator” to lobby for statehood for Washington, D.C., and working as a special envoy under President Bill Clinton.
In 2000, Clinton awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation’s highest civilian honor.
On election night in 2008, when Barack Obama was projected to win the presidential election, Jackson was captured on camera with tears in his eyes. He told CBS News that the moment America elected its first Black president brought him back to the struggles of the civil rights movement.
“To get here, we’ve gone through some bloody trails of terror to get here. Some good people — I think about the two Jews and the Black kids just wiped out,” Jackson said, referring to young civil rights workers murdered in Mississippi in 1964. “Medgar Evers, Dr. King at 39. We paid a price to get here.”
Jackson is survived by five children with his wife of more than 60 years, Jacqueline, another daughter, and countless figures who were inspired by his leadership.
Public observances will be held in Chicago, according to his family. Final arrangements for celebration of life services, including all public events, will be announced by the Rainbow PUSH Coalition, they say.
发表回复