更新于：2026年2月12日 / 美国东部时间上午11:44 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
俄罗斯当局采取新措施，以确保能够监控国内所有民众的通讯，正式封锁了广受欢迎的Meta旗下通讯应用WhatsApp。
WhatsApp周四在社交媒体上分享的声明中表示，俄罗斯“试图全面封锁WhatsApp，以迫使人们使用一款国有监控应用”，称这是“试图将超过1亿用户与私密安全的通讯隔离开来”的企图。
WhatsApp称这是“倒退一步”，将“导致俄罗斯民众的安全降低”。
莫斯科地铁内，人们乘坐自动扶梯时查看手机（2026年2月12日），俄罗斯官员证实，由于未遵守国家法律，广受欢迎的通讯服务WhatsApp已被封锁。赫克托·雷塔马尔/法新社/盖蒂图片社
克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫周四在莫斯科对记者讲话时证实，“确实做出并实施了一项决定”，针对WhatsApp禁令问题进行了回应。
他表示，做出这一决定是因为WhatsApp“不愿意遵守俄罗斯法律的规范和文字”。
这项禁令似乎源于俄罗斯立法，该立法要求所有列入在线信息传播者登记册的公司，必须存储所有用户个人详细信息以及在俄罗斯境内交换的所有电子消息数据，并向政府机构提供这些信息。
负责该国媒体监控和审查的俄罗斯联邦机构Roskomnadzor于2024年底将WhatsApp列入该登记册。
WhatsApp在声明中表示，它“将尽一切努力让用户保持连接”。
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻周四发现，尽管克里姆林宫发布了禁令，但俄罗斯境内的用户仍然可以通过虚拟专用网络（VPN）使用WhatsApp，而VPN在俄罗斯并不违法。
本周早些时候，另一个广受欢迎的通讯应用Telegram也在俄罗斯面临新的限制，这一举措遭到许多公民的强烈批评。据Roskomnadzor称，该机构和所有俄罗斯政府机构一样，本身也使用Telegram平台发布官方公告，而Telegram未能保护用户的个人数据。
Telegram创始人帕维尔·杜罗夫是俄罗斯国籍，现流亡迪拜，因被指控在其平台上从事犯罪活动而在法国面临未决指控。他批评这一举措，称真正的动机是政治审查。
“俄罗斯限制访问Telegram，试图迫使公民使用一个为监控和政治审查而构建的国家控制应用，”他补充说，“限制公民自由绝不是正确的做法。”
俄罗斯此前曾禁止多个社交媒体平台，包括Instagram、Facebook和X（前身为Twitter），理由是这些平台在2022年2月莫斯科全面入侵乌克兰后“歧视俄罗斯媒体”。
俄罗斯支持的“Max”应用
WhatsApp和Telegram创始人杜罗夫在声明中提到的“监控应用”是一个名为MAX的平台。该应用于2025年推出，得到政府的全面支持，是一款多功能应用，包含消息和电子商务功能，还可访问广泛的政府服务，如医疗和市政预约。
与中国的微信应用类似，俄罗斯官员将MAX吹捧为社交网络和政府服务的关键门户。
当局下令，从去年开始，所有在俄罗斯销售的新数字设备必须预装这款国家支持的应用。
莫斯科，俄罗斯国旗前的智能手机屏幕上显示着MAX应用标志（2026年2月9日）。塞法·卡拉坎/阿纳多卢通讯社/盖蒂图片社
该公司在其法律条款中指出，它可以应要求与俄罗斯当局共享用户数据，但表示只有在“进行强制性法律评估以确定所请求数据量的合法性、有效性和适当性”之后才会这样做，并且“仅提供适用法律明确要求的最低数据量”。
印度政府去年撤销了一项先前的命令，即要求该国所有新销售的设备预装一款由国家开发和拥有的通讯应用，此前反对党政治家和隐私组织强烈抗议，警告称这将具有侵入性。
Russia blocks WhatsApp as it pushes state-backed alternative on citizens
Updated on: February 12, 2026 / 11:44 AM EST / CBS News
Russian authorities have taken new measures to ensure they can monitor all communications by people inside the country, officially blocking access to the popular, Meta-owned messaging app WhatsApp.
WhatsApp said in a statement shared Thursday on social media that Russia had “attempted to fully block WhatsApp in an effort to drive people to a state-owned surveillance app,” calling it an attempt to isolate “over 100 million users from private and secure communication.”
WhatsApp called it a “backwards step” that would lead to “less safety for people in Russia.”
People look at their phones while riding an escalator in the Moscow metro, Feb. 12, 2026, as Russian officials confirmed the popular messaging service WhatsApp had been blocked over a failure to comply with national laws. Hector RETAMAL/AFP/Getty
Speaking to reporters Thursday in Moscow, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov confirmed “a decision was indeed made and implemented” in response to a question on the WhatsApp ban.
He said the decision was taken due to WhatsApp’s unwillingness “to comply with the norms and letter of Russian law.”
The ban appears to stem from Russian legislation that requires all companies listed on a register of online information disseminators to store both personal user details and data on all electronic messages exchanged within Russia, and to make that information available to government agencies.
Roskomnadzor, the Russian federal agency responsible for monitoring — and censoring — mass media in the country,added WhatsApp to that register in late 2024.
WhatsApp said in its statement that it would “do everything we can to keep users connected.”
CBS News found on Thursday that while WhatsApp was blocked for users inside Russia, it was still possible to use the app via a virtual private network (VPN), which is not illegal in the country, despite the Kremlin’s ban.
Earlier in the week, another popular messaging app, Telegram, also faced new restrictions in Russia in a move highly criticized by many citizens. According to Roskomnadzor, which, like all Russian government agencies, uses the platform itself to distribute official announcements, Telegram failed to protect users’ personal data.
Telegram founder Pavel Durov, a Russian national who lives in exile in Dubai and who faces outstanding allegations in France over alleged criminal activity on his platform, criticized the move, saying the real motive was political censorship.
“Russia is restricting access to Telegram in an attempt to force its citizens to use a state-controlled app built for surveillance and political censorship,” he said, adding that “restricting citizens’ freedom is never the right answer.”
Russia previously banned a number of social media platforms, including Instagram, Facebook, and X (formerly known as Twitter) in response to what it said was the platforms’ “discrimination” against Russian media following the launch of Moscow’s ongoing full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Russia’s state-backed “Max” app
The “surveillance app” app referred to in the statements by WhatsApp and Telegram’s Durov is a platform called MAX. Launched in 2025 with full backing from the government, it is a multifunction app that includes messaging and e-commerce functions, but also access to a wide range of government services such as medical and municipal appointments.
Similar to the WeChat app in China, MAX is touted by Russian officials as both a social network and key portal for government services.
Authorities ordered the state-backed app to come pre-installed on all new digital devices sold in Russia from last year.
The MAX app logo is displayed on a smartphone screen in front of a Russian flag in Moscow, Russia, Feb. 9, 2026. Sefa Karacan/Anadolu/Getty
The company notes in its legal terms that it can share user data with Russian authorities upon request, but says it does so only after a “mandatory legal assessment is conducted to determine the legality, validity, and adequacy of the requested data volume for the stated purposes,” and that it provides “only the minimum amount of data expressly required by applicable law.”
India’s government last year revoked a previous order for all new devices sold in the country to come pre-loaded with a state-developed and owned communications app, amid an outcry by opposition politicians and privacy organizations warning that it would be intrusive.
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