2026年2月5日 / 美国东部时间下午3:00 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
新数据显示，美国1月裁员人数飙升至2009年以来同月最高水平，当时美国经济正遭受住房市场崩溃的冲击。
根据职场咨询公司Challenger, Gray and Christmas的数据，雇主在今年首个月宣布裁员108,435人，较去年同期增长118%。1月裁员通常会增加，因为企业会调整工资单以满足来年的财务目标。
雇主上月裁员的三大主要原因是：失去商业合同、股市和经济形势，以及重组。
各行业裁员情况
根据Challenger, Gray and Christmas的数据，1月裁员人数最多的行业是：
- 运输业：31,243人
- 科技行业：22,291人
- 医疗保健业：17,107人
- 化工业：4,701人
- 媒体业：510人
1月大型裁员主要由几家大公司推动。其中包括亚马逊宣布裁员16,000人，以及UPS计划今年裁员30,000人。
Challenger, Gray and Christmas首席营收官安迪·查林杰在一份声明中表示，裁员激增表明企业对2026年的前景”不那么乐观”。
Pinterest和化工制造商陶氏也宣布了裁员，它们部分将原因归咎于采用了人工智能技术。查林杰的数据显示，1月雇主直接因人工智能因素宣布的裁员人数接近8,000人，占总裁员人数的7%。
一些专家质疑人工智能在裁员中所起的作用，经济学家告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，企业可能将人工智能作为裁员的借口。
非营利组织国家就业法律项目经济安全高级总监安德鲁·斯特特纳告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻：”我认为这些公司裁员不是因为它们知道人工智能可以取代工人，而是因为它们在投资人工智能。”
尽管裁员人数略有上升，但美国失业率仍处于历史较低水平，为4.4%。美联储1月28日表示，经济正以”稳健的步伐”扩张，同时指出通胀仍高于其2%的年度目标。
然而，最新的经济信号显示，全国职位空缺正在下降，而更多美国人正在申请失业救济。根据周四发布的劳工数据，截至1月31日的一周，首次申请失业救济人数跃升至231,000人，较前一周大幅增加。
劳动力情报公司Revelio Labs报告称，2025年12月至2026年1月期间，收到裁员通知的工人数量增加了64%。
斯特特纳强调，裁员激增并不一定预示着更广泛的经济低迷。例如，随着对人工智能服务及其所需数据中心的需求增加，建筑业正在蓬勃发展。不过，他称局部地区的裁员现象”令人担忧”。
编辑：阿莱恩·谢特
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/what-are-the-prospects-for-laid-off-workers/
Layoffs jumped in January as companies pull back on hiring
February 5, 2026 / 3:00 PM EST / CBS News
Layoffs across the U.S. surged in January to their highest level for the month since 2009, when the economy was reeling from the housing crash, new data shows.
Employers announced 108,435 job cuts in the first month of the year, up 118% from the year-ago figures, according to outplacement firm Challenger, Gray and Christmas. Layoffs often rise in January as companies adjust their payrolls to meet financial targets for the forthcoming year.
The top three reasons employers cited in cutting jobs last month were losing a commercial contract, stock market and economic conditions, and restructuring.
Most layoffs by industry
The sectors that dismissed the most employees in January, according to Challenger, Gray and Christmas:
- Transportation: 31,243 job cuts
- Technology: 22,291 job cuts
- Health Care: 17,107 job cuts
- Chemical: 4,701 job cuts
- Media: 510 job cuts
Driving the January layoffs were large cuts by several major companies. Those included Amazon, which said it wascutting 16,000 jobs, and delivery company UPS, which plans to slash its workforce by30,000 this year.
The spurt in layoffs signals that businesses are “less-than-optimistic about the outlook for 2026,” Andy Challenger, chief revenue officer at Challenger, Gray and Christmas, said in a statement.
Pinterestand chemical manufacturerDowalso announced layoffs, which they attributed in part to their adoption ofartificial intelligence. Employers directly cited AI in announcing nearly 8,000 layoffs in January, 7%, Challenger’s data shows.
Some experts have questioned the extent to which AI is playing a role in layoffs, with economists telling CBS News that companies could be using AI as a pretext for job cuts.
“I don’t think these companies are doing layoffs because they know AI can replace workers, but I think they’re investing in it,” Andrew Stettner, senior director for economic security at the nonprofit National Employment Law Project, told CBS News.
Although layoffs have edged up, the nation’s unemployment rate remains low by historical standards, at 4.4%. The Federal Reserve on Jan. 28 said that the economy was expanding at a “solid pace,” while noting that inflation remains above its 2% annual target.
Yet the latest economic signals show that job openings around the country are falling, while more Americans are filing for unemployment benefits. Initial jobless claims jumped to231,000 for the week ending Jan. 31, up sharply from the previous week, according to the labor data released on Thursday.
Revelio Labs, a workforce intelligence company, reported a 64% increase in the number of workers who received layoff notices between December 2025 and January.
To be sure, the spike in layoffs isn’t a sign of a broader economic malaise, Stettner emphasized. For example, the construction sector is booming as demand for AI services and the data centers required to power them increases. Still, he called the pockets of layoffs “concerning.”
Edited by Alain Sherter
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/what-are-the-prospects-for-laid-off-workers/
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